• ✓Locate existing underground services before excavation.
• ✓Verify required permits and drawings.
• ✓Use controlled excavation methods in uncertain areas.

• ✓Inspect the excavation before work starts.
• ✓Reinspect after rain, vibration or changing conditions.
• ✓Do not permit entry when hazardous conditions exist.

Applies when: As required by soil, depth and applicable exceptions

• ✓OSHA: protect excavation workers from cave-ins, except excavations entirely in stable rock or the condition below.
• ✓At <5 ft (1.52 m), protection may be omitted only if a competent person finds no indication of a potential cave-in.
• ✓Use soil/depth-appropriate sloping, shoring or shielding; do not work outside the protective system.

• ✓OSHA: keep spoil and equipment that could fall at least 2 ft (0.61 m) from the edge.
• ✓Alternatively use adequate retaining devices to prevent falling or rolling in, or use both measures.
• ✓Assess equipment surcharge loads; setback alone does not eliminate cave-in hazards.

• ✓OSHA trenches ≥4 ft (1.22 m) deep require stairs, ladders, ramps or another safe means of egress.
• ✓Locate egress so workers need no more than 25 ft (7.62 m) of lateral travel.
• ✓Keep access clear; do not use damaged access equipment.

Applies when: Water accumulation or rainfall hazards exist

• ✓Do not enter excavations with uncontrolled water accumulation.
• ✓Use pumping and drainage methods safely.
• ✓Reassess conditions after rainfall.

Applies when: Vehicle or pedestrian traffic is present

• ✓Barricade excavations exposed to vehicle or pedestrian traffic.
• ✓Use stop blocks or warning systems where required.
• ✓Maintain visibility during night work.

Applies when: A hazardous atmosphere could reasonably occur

• ✓Test where a hazardous atmosphere could reasonably exist.
• ✓Provide ventilation and rescue controls when required.
• ✓Evacuate the excavation if alarms or hazardous conditions occur.